基于公共建筑消防改造探讨

文章作者：周寒 期刊页码：2022年第13期92页

浏览次数：185次

【摘要】近些年，我国城市发展的重心逐渐从新城建设转向旧城改造，致力于构建“节约型社会”。老旧公共建筑具有典型的地 方性和象征性特征，这些建筑往往见证城市文明的发展，承载着历史文化的烙印，在城市的发展中发挥着举足轻重的作用。公共 建筑的改造需要从功能和结构相对单一简单的建筑转变为集多种功能、复杂结构的商超、娱乐、休闲、餐饮等空间于一体的庞大 体量的大型建筑综合体。当前经济社会发展日新月异，老旧公共建筑不能满足现今社会各种需求和城市发展需要，急需对其进行 改造和再利用，让老旧公共建筑焕发出新的生机和活力。消防系统的改造是老旧建筑整体改造的重要组成部分，关系到建筑的安 全和质量，在整个改造过程中至关重要。然而，在老旧建筑的消防系统改造过程中，暴露了许多设计和评判问题。尤其是人口密 度高、建筑面积大的公共建筑，火灾一旦发生，会迅速扩散。诸如原防火等级难以准确确定，现有规范与原设计存在冲突，防火 分区划分不够合理，安全疏散系统设计存在缺陷。需要与时俱进，结合新开发的技术手段加以解决，对建筑物的消防系统按照现 有规范进行重新设计更新。本文介绍了老旧建筑改造中消防系统的常见问题，并提出了解决对策。

【关键词】消防改造；老旧建筑；建筑防火；消防设施 Discussion on Fire Reconstruction Based on Public Buildings

【Abstract】 In recent years, the focus of urban development in my country has gradually shifted from new city construction to old city reconstruction, and is committed to building a "conservative society". Old public buildings have typical local and symbolic features. These buildings often witness the development of urban civilization, carry the imprint of history and culture, and play a pivotal role in the development of cities. The transformation of public buildings needs to be transformed from buildings with relatively simple functions and structures into large-scale building complexes with multiple functions and complex structures, such as shopping malls, entertainment, leisure, catering and other spaces. The current economic and social development is changing with each passing day, and old public buildings cannot meet the various needs of today's society and urban development needs. The renovation of the fire protection system is an important part of the overall renovation of the old building, which is related to the safety and quality of the building and is very important in the entire renovation process. However, during the retrofitting of old buildings with fire protection systems, many design and judging problems have been exposed. Especially in public buildings with high population density and large construction area, once a fire occurs, it will spread rapidly. For example, it is difficult to accurately determine the original fire protection level, the existing specifications conflict with the original design, the division of fire protection zones is not reasonable enough, and the design of the safety evacuation system has defects. It is necessary to keep pace with the times and solve it in combination with newly developed technical means, and redesign and update the fire protection system of the building according to the existing specifications. This paper introduces the common problems of fire protection systems in the renovation of old buildings, and proposes solutions.

【Key words】fire-fighting renovation; old buildings; building fire protection; fire-fighting facilities

【DOI】10.12334/j.issn.1002-8536.2022.13.030